Summary TFY
Chapter8
This chapter is about how to recognize viewpoints and understand how they filter reality for us.This chapter illustrates how stories revolve around viewpoints,how conscious and unconscious viewpoints differ,how news framing conveys covert viewpoints, and how political viewpoints might be characterized.
Chapter9
The skills of analyzing and writing arguments require some knowledge of every chapter concept studied this far.This chapter entail guidelines for analyzing arguments,distinguishing arguments from reports,separating reasons from conclusions,recognizing missing and false information.
Chapter10
This chapter is about the names and meanings of eleven fallacies.Fallacies may be accidental or intentional;many are amusing.all are manipulative;each sidesteps the work of constrcting a fair and well-reasoned argument.This chapter tell us how to recognize a number of basic fallacies and understand why they are fallacious.
Chapter11
Inductive reasoning is a method used to discover new information or supply missing information. When we reason inductively, we observe, test, and investigate in a systematic manner known as the empirical or scientific method.This chapter show how induction uses sensory observation, enumeration, analogical reasoning, pattern discovery, causal reasoning, reasoning from hypotheses and through statistics and probability.
Chapter12
This chapter explains the fundamental standards that govern deductive reasoning. It offers a basic vocabulary of logic and explains how deduction and induction interplay in our thinking. Discussion with multiple exercises will show the meaning and significance of such terms as syllogism, premises and conclusion, validity and soundness.
Tuesday, July 24, 2007
CRCB8-14 Summary
Summary CRCB
Chapter8
Organazitional methods help us understand the ideas in the textbooks and how they are already familiar with.it also help us to remember what we have read.A useful way to identify an author's method of organization is to look for the organizational word clues that indicate which patterns he or she is using.It is also important to assess an author's overall method of organization.
Chapter9
The PSR technique also requires us to respond to readings by writing in our journal.Commenting in writing helps us digest and understand an author's ideas and articulate our own.
Chapter10
Textbook marking is a systematic mark-and-label reading tool that helps us distinguish important ideas from less important ones.
Chapter11
Types of visual aids include mindmaps,outlines,charts,diagrams,graphs,illustrations,photographs,and time lines.The type of information being conveyed determines what type of visual aid an author will use.Learning how to read visuals will help us to understand and remember the textual information they illustrate.
Chapter12
Arguments always have the structure of at least one reason and one conclusion.Arguments can be evaluated using specific criteria including determining dependability,distinguishing fact from opinion,and detecting fallacies.The two primary types of arguments are deductive and inductive.
Chapter13
Cretical reading comprehension involves challenging yourself to understand what you read in your textbooks at different levels of complexity.
Chapter14
Evaluating Internet sources of information helps us determine if they are reliable and useful.Use the Internet source evaluation system described in this chapter as a tool for assessing websites.
Chapter8
Organazitional methods help us understand the ideas in the textbooks and how they are already familiar with.it also help us to remember what we have read.A useful way to identify an author's method of organization is to look for the organizational word clues that indicate which patterns he or she is using.It is also important to assess an author's overall method of organization.
Chapter9
The PSR technique also requires us to respond to readings by writing in our journal.Commenting in writing helps us digest and understand an author's ideas and articulate our own.
Chapter10
Textbook marking is a systematic mark-and-label reading tool that helps us distinguish important ideas from less important ones.
Chapter11
Types of visual aids include mindmaps,outlines,charts,diagrams,graphs,illustrations,photographs,and time lines.The type of information being conveyed determines what type of visual aid an author will use.Learning how to read visuals will help us to understand and remember the textual information they illustrate.
Chapter12
Arguments always have the structure of at least one reason and one conclusion.Arguments can be evaluated using specific criteria including determining dependability,distinguishing fact from opinion,and detecting fallacies.The two primary types of arguments are deductive and inductive.
Chapter13
Cretical reading comprehension involves challenging yourself to understand what you read in your textbooks at different levels of complexity.
Chapter14
Evaluating Internet sources of information helps us determine if they are reliable and useful.Use the Internet source evaluation system described in this chapter as a tool for assessing websites.
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Thursday, June 28, 2007
Summary CRCB
Summary CRCB
Chapter1
Reading is an active process which is the activity of understanding written words and your ability to extract meaning from those words.The learning journal is also an active learning task.It halps you identify what you understand in a reading assignment and what is still not clear.It can help you to understand how you learn and which styles is the best suitable for you.Concentration Concentration is the ability to think about something carefully or for a long time.Concentration include internal and external distracters.
Chapter2
Vocabulary building is one of the most important reading strategies you can learn.When your vocabulary is increasing,your understanding about any text book also increase.It also help you increase your ability to speak, write and communication.Not everyone knows every word,or interrupts reading to search every unfamiliar word in the dictionary,in this chapter will help you remember the meaning of the new words.The most important way to make you remember the new vocabulary and use it directly is trying to say it and use them in your writing.
Chapter3
Memory is the ability to remember things,places,experiences etc.You will have difficulty remembering what you read if you do not know the stages in the memory process.The most important thing in memory is understanding what you are trying to remember.Specific strategies you can use to enhance your sensory memory include reading your text book,drawing pictures of the information you are learning.You can find out the new words when you are reading.
Chapter4
If you want to improve your reading, you should reading a lot of books and make your knowledge comprehensive.Develop a general schedule when you plan to study.Choose the best time for your study and determine the length of each study.You need to manage your study time and this will depend on the complexity of the material for a specific course.After using a study schedule and daily reading plans for several weeks,you will find that you begin to complete your reading assignment on time.Your reading speed will also improve.
Chapter5
The topic is a subject that people talk or write about.The main idea is the more specific idea of a piece of writing.The detail which are the most specific, support and illustrate the main idea.Looking in the obvious spots helps you to find the main idea more efficiently.Some main idea are stated directly in a reading and are easy to identify.
Chapter6
Author use detail to help readers understand their ideas and arguments.Major detail provide support to the main idea in a reading.You should distinguish between the major and minor supporting details in a reading passage, this means you have understood what you read.You should know how to locate the main idea and the major and minor supporting details in a reading assignment.You should able to identify the main ideas and supporting details, this will help you evaluate what is the most important and determine what you need to remember for tests.
Chapter7
If you want to have a fully understand of reading assignment, you need to read the material and combine what is stated with the additional information you generate using inference as a tool.Infer means to form an opinion that something is probably true because of other information that you already know.You also need to understand how an anthor's purpose,tone.
Chapter1
Reading is an active process which is the activity of understanding written words and your ability to extract meaning from those words.The learning journal is also an active learning task.It halps you identify what you understand in a reading assignment and what is still not clear.It can help you to understand how you learn and which styles is the best suitable for you.Concentration Concentration is the ability to think about something carefully or for a long time.Concentration include internal and external distracters.
Chapter2
Vocabulary building is one of the most important reading strategies you can learn.When your vocabulary is increasing,your understanding about any text book also increase.It also help you increase your ability to speak, write and communication.Not everyone knows every word,or interrupts reading to search every unfamiliar word in the dictionary,in this chapter will help you remember the meaning of the new words.The most important way to make you remember the new vocabulary and use it directly is trying to say it and use them in your writing.
Chapter3
Memory is the ability to remember things,places,experiences etc.You will have difficulty remembering what you read if you do not know the stages in the memory process.The most important thing in memory is understanding what you are trying to remember.Specific strategies you can use to enhance your sensory memory include reading your text book,drawing pictures of the information you are learning.You can find out the new words when you are reading.
Chapter4
If you want to improve your reading, you should reading a lot of books and make your knowledge comprehensive.Develop a general schedule when you plan to study.Choose the best time for your study and determine the length of each study.You need to manage your study time and this will depend on the complexity of the material for a specific course.After using a study schedule and daily reading plans for several weeks,you will find that you begin to complete your reading assignment on time.Your reading speed will also improve.
Chapter5
The topic is a subject that people talk or write about.The main idea is the more specific idea of a piece of writing.The detail which are the most specific, support and illustrate the main idea.Looking in the obvious spots helps you to find the main idea more efficiently.Some main idea are stated directly in a reading and are easy to identify.
Chapter6
Author use detail to help readers understand their ideas and arguments.Major detail provide support to the main idea in a reading.You should distinguish between the major and minor supporting details in a reading passage, this means you have understood what you read.You should know how to locate the main idea and the major and minor supporting details in a reading assignment.You should able to identify the main ideas and supporting details, this will help you evaluate what is the most important and determine what you need to remember for tests.
Chapter7
If you want to have a fully understand of reading assignment, you need to read the material and combine what is stated with the additional information you generate using inference as a tool.Infer means to form an opinion that something is probably true because of other information that you already know.You also need to understand how an anthor's purpose,tone.
Summary TFY
Summary TFY
Chapter 1
1. If we want to develop more conscious thinking habits, we have to examine our own thinking processes so we can recognize our strengths and weaknesses.
2. Careful observation can help us discover new knowledge.
3. Observation is the process of watching something or someone carefully for a period of time. Perceiving is to understand or think of something in a particular way. Thinking organizes our perceptions.
4. Careful observation can take our time, give full attention, and thinking in an attitude of listening.
Chapter 2
1. An accurate use of words improves our thinking. We can use them often. Words enable us to communicate with others and ourselves. When we want to talk with people, we should think about how to use the right word to talk with them.
2. Writing helps us learn more about words and how to use them. For example, if we do not know some words we can check them in the dictionary.
3. Clear thinking depends on a clear understanding of the words we use. If we are not sure how to use a word we might use it wrong.
4. Definitions help us to understand a word we do not know. We can learn the meaning of the words and how to distinguish from another one.
Chapter 3
1. By definition, a fact is a piece of information that is known to be true.
2. Facts are not absolutes but illustrate probability.
3. Our senses are limited both in range and capacity and are affected by many factors, such as when we focus on something and our mental process.
Chapter 4
1. The word infer means to form an opinion that something is probably true because of other information that you already know.
2. Writing offers specific detailed support for its conclusions makes interesting writing.
3. The topic sentence of a paragraph is a generalization that summarizes the main idea to be demonstrated in that paragraph.
Chapter 5
1. An assumption is to think that something is true, although you have no proof of it.
2. Assumptions can be conscious or unconscious, warranted or unwarranted.
3. Hidden assumptions are unconscious assumptions that greatly influence a line of reasoning.
Chapter 6
1. Opinion means your ideas or beliefs about a particular subject.
2. Opinion can be proved or not.
3. People enjoy a lot of opinions, such as expressing, reading, and listening.
4. Public opinion can be used to determine public view.
5. Opinions should not be confused with facts.
6. Arguments consist of supported opinions.
7. In an essay, a statement of opinion can be the thesis or its principle claim.
Chapter 7
1. Evaluation means the act of considering something to decide how useful or valuable it is, or a document in which this is done
2. Evaluations are not facts.
3. Feelings and expectations affect both our views and cognitive and evaluation.
Chapter 1
1. If we want to develop more conscious thinking habits, we have to examine our own thinking processes so we can recognize our strengths and weaknesses.
2. Careful observation can help us discover new knowledge.
3. Observation is the process of watching something or someone carefully for a period of time. Perceiving is to understand or think of something in a particular way. Thinking organizes our perceptions.
4. Careful observation can take our time, give full attention, and thinking in an attitude of listening.
Chapter 2
1. An accurate use of words improves our thinking. We can use them often. Words enable us to communicate with others and ourselves. When we want to talk with people, we should think about how to use the right word to talk with them.
2. Writing helps us learn more about words and how to use them. For example, if we do not know some words we can check them in the dictionary.
3. Clear thinking depends on a clear understanding of the words we use. If we are not sure how to use a word we might use it wrong.
4. Definitions help us to understand a word we do not know. We can learn the meaning of the words and how to distinguish from another one.
Chapter 3
1. By definition, a fact is a piece of information that is known to be true.
2. Facts are not absolutes but illustrate probability.
3. Our senses are limited both in range and capacity and are affected by many factors, such as when we focus on something and our mental process.
Chapter 4
1. The word infer means to form an opinion that something is probably true because of other information that you already know.
2. Writing offers specific detailed support for its conclusions makes interesting writing.
3. The topic sentence of a paragraph is a generalization that summarizes the main idea to be demonstrated in that paragraph.
Chapter 5
1. An assumption is to think that something is true, although you have no proof of it.
2. Assumptions can be conscious or unconscious, warranted or unwarranted.
3. Hidden assumptions are unconscious assumptions that greatly influence a line of reasoning.
Chapter 6
1. Opinion means your ideas or beliefs about a particular subject.
2. Opinion can be proved or not.
3. People enjoy a lot of opinions, such as expressing, reading, and listening.
4. Public opinion can be used to determine public view.
5. Opinions should not be confused with facts.
6. Arguments consist of supported opinions.
7. In an essay, a statement of opinion can be the thesis or its principle claim.
Chapter 7
1. Evaluation means the act of considering something to decide how useful or valuable it is, or a document in which this is done
2. Evaluations are not facts.
3. Feelings and expectations affect both our views and cognitive and evaluation.
Tuesday, June 26, 2007
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